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Panchakarma is one of the unique therapeutic procedures in Ayurveda advocated for the radical elimination of disease causing factors and to maintain the equilibrium of doshas. As the wastes are eliminated from the body, the person becomes healthy.
Literally Pancha means five and Karma means action. The five fold measures include internal purification of the body or Vamana (Emisis), Virechna (Purgation), Vasti (Enema), Nasya (Nasal Insufflation) and Raktha Moksha. |
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| Shehanan |
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| It is nothing but oleation therapy. Patient's entire body or specific part of a patient should be massaged with the medicated oils. This process is technically defined as SNEHANAN. Snehanan is usually recommended as the first line of therapy for the range of disorders of vitiated VATA e.g. Lumbags, Arthritis, Spondylitis, Scictica, Paralysis etc. |
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| Nadi Swedan |
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| It is nothing but Sudation/Fomentation therapy. Medicated decoction's steam has to be utilized on the parts where already Shehan has been undertaken. This is known to be Ardra Sweda, whereas there are certain conditions in whom only dry heat application is performed with a ball of Ajiwan/Sand bag to the affected part i.e. known as Shushka Sweda. Swedan is also considered to be the first line of therapy many a times together with Snehan, for the management of increased vitiated Vata induced disorders. |
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| Patrapottali Pindaswedam (Ellakilli) |
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| Here instead of rice ball, a ball created by various medicated herbs (triturated together to form a ball) dipped in a medicated decoction is utilized mainly in the treatment of various VATA Disorders. It is found out to be useful in controlling pain and inflammation and lowering down the levels of increased vitiated VATA. |
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| Vamanam |
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| This is one of the major methods of purification amongst five (Panchakarma). In this method there exists a process of induced emesis by giving patients medicines. This method is basically carried out to take out vitiated increased KAPHA through oral route. This method has proved out to be beneficial in the managements of various KAPHA predominant disorders viz. Bronchial Asthama emulative dermatitis etc. |
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| Basti (Vasti) |
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| It is one of the most important procedures amongst Panchakarma. In this method medicated oil or decoction has to insert through rectal route to be retained and taken out immediately, depending upon the type of Basti (i.e. Anuvasana and Niruha Basti). This is one of the important methods in the management of increased vitiated-VATA dosha. It is advocated in the various disorders of Vata such as - Arthritis, Paralysis etc. |
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| Shirobasti |
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| Here a specific type of leather cap is prepared and fixed on the scalp of a patient. This cap is open at both ends. It is filled by medicated oil and to be kept in that position for certain known time as advocated in the texts (Matra). This is also found out to be a very useful tool in the management of psychosomatic illness. |
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| Katibasti |
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| Here a specific well like structure of dove added with medicament is prepared at the back of the patient lying down in a prone position (lying down on abdomen and back facing upward). This well is filled with luke warm medicated oils and allowed it to be in a position for a specified (Matra) eline. This procedure is useful in controlling pain in the lumbar region and also in treating degenerative condition of the spine |
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| Pizichil |
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| It is a very specific type of Snehan which is conducted by a team of the Panchakarma unit personnel simultaneously. |
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| Virechanam |
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| This is again one of the major methods of purification of body (i.e. Panchakarma). In this method, there exists a process of induced purgation by administering patient’s specific drugs which can bring about action of purgation. This method is mainly carried out to take out increased vitiated PITTA dosha through oral route in the form of purgation. This method has been advocated in the management of various PITTA RAKTA DOOSHAJANYA disorders viz. skin disorders, acid peptic disorders etc. |
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| Nasyam |
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| This is one of the Panchakarma procedures that are considered as one of the five main methods of Body Purification. In this method the medicated drug in various forms (such as medicated oils, juices, powders etc.) instilled through nasal route. This method is again used to take out increased vitiated KAPHA dosha through nasal route in general; but also has role in treating various disorders of Head and Neck, Eyes, Ear and even for psychosomatic diseases. |
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| Pindaswedam (Nyavarkilli) |
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| Here there is a unique combination of Snehan and Swedan where a ball of rice especially cooked in a medicated decoction and treated with medicated oils is being utilized to treat various degenerative conditions of muscles (Myopathies etc.) and disorders of vitiated increased VATA. |
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| Shirodhara |
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| Medicated oils/decoctions are poured from a specially made vessel on to the frontal region of the space, while making patient in a lying down condition. This is done for specific period (Matra) and for specific days. Usually it is utilized in psychosomatic conditions such as Anxiety, Neurosis, Insomnia, Irritability etc. |
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| Raktamokshan |
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| It is one of the most important procedures amongst Panchakarma. In this method by various means Physician achieve to do blood letting from specific part of patient's body by various means such as Needles, Leaches etc. It helps to take out dooshit rakta and vitiated Pitta. Thus advocated in various disorders due to vitiated Rakta (Blood) and Pitta such as Eczema, Migraine, Dermatitis etc. |
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| Tarpan/Netrabasti |
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| A well like structure is prepared from medicated done around affected eye & is filled with either medicated liquefied ghee or medicated juices and asked patient to blink inside that media for a specified time period (Matra). This is undertaken to treat various Eye Disorders and also used for Healthy Eyes to keep Ocular Health better. Similar and Shirodhara, but medicated butter milk is used inspite of medicated oils/decoctions. This is also recommended for psychosomatic illnesses. |
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